Black Liquor To Fuel: circularity for sustainable aviation fuels

The EU-funded project Black Liquor to Fuel (BL2F) consisted of recovering black liquor, a by-product of the paper industry, to create a high-quality biofuel for aviation and shipping.

Launched in April 2020, the BL2F project developed an integrated hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process in pulp mills, reducing carbon emissions in the creation of the intermediate fuel. This process was then improved in oil refineries to bring it closer to the final products and provide a feedstock for marine and aviation fuels.

• Identification of strategic policy adjustments
• Identification of major trends in biofuel demand
• Comprehensive market potential analysis conducted
• Replicability of the project studied and assessed
• Development of effective and sustainable exploitation strategies